Translations and translators play a major role in facilitating (or not) communication. It was in Charlemagne’s interest to assert his power in western Europe, by insisting the doctrinal purity (and hence superiority) of his realm. The Libri Carolini were created in Francia at his behest, but their influence and impact was limited. Their critique of the Byzantine position did not represent the view of the papacy, nor were they accepted at the Synod in Frankfurt 794.
